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Video archives
Here, we establish an online video library where a series of movies relevant to motility are available. The miscellaneous category includes bacteria, eukaryotes, and archaea, viruses, proteins, and synthetic polymers. The movies that are meaningful in the biology field will be uploaded in both Japanese and English.
For the contributors who plan to upload your video, you should keep in mind the following suggestions:
(1) the video which is relative to the object of your research
(2) the video about microbe found in the research activity of the super-science high school or biological clubs are encouraged to upload
(3) Do not forget to add the link of your video which has been published (Please make sure the copyright)
(4) If you think some videos in the old textbook are valuable to upload, please let us know.
Video List
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1
2017.01.20
Eukaryote number of click：429
Philodina sp.
Species name:Philodina sp.
Bureau Swerage, Tokyo Metropolitan Government
The size of Philodina is 300-1,000 μm in length. The body is thin long. One foot with four toes. The head has two crown of chilia. The eyespots lie on the brain. It moves like leeches. It shows leech-like movement and moves around flocs. Philodina feed on algae and bacteria. It can retract cron of cilia into the body.
2
2014.09.15
Eukaryote number of click：355
Pollen tube attraction by the synergid cell
Species name:Torenia fournieri
ITbM, Nagoya Univ Tetsuya Higashiyama
In the evolution of flowering plants, genes necessary for flagella formation including flagellar dyneins were lost. Non-motile sperm cells of flowering plants are conveyed by a tip-growing haploid cell, the pollen tube. The sperm cell is enclosed by an endocytic membrane of the pollen tube cell and delivered to female gametes rapidly without much water for swimming. How does the pollen tube precisely arrive at an egg-containing tissue? Pollen tube attractants had been searched for more than 140 years. The attractants were finally identified in a unique plant species, Torenia, which has a protruding egg-containing tissue. Pollen tube attraction can be directly observed in Torenia as shown in this movie. Two synergid cells on the side of the egg cell were shown to be the source of the attraction signal. Finally, two cysteine-rich peptides named LUREs were identified as true pollen tube attractants.
3
2015.07.10
Eukaryote number of click：216
Mouse tracheal cilia
Species name:Mus musculus
Hamamatsu Univ Sch Med Koji Ikegami
Moving cilia on mouse tracheal epithelia. The beating frequency is about 10 to 20 Hz. The batch of cilia shows a wavelike motility, so-called metachronal wave.
4
2014.01.16
Prokaryote number of click：213
Bacterium moves like a tank 3
Species name:Flavobacterium johnsoniae
Gakushuin University Daisuke Nakane
Flavobacterium johnsoniae and many other members of Bacteroidetes exhibit rapid gliding motility over surfaces by a unique mechanism. These cells do not have flagella or pili; instead, they rely on a novel motility apparatus. SprB, a 669 kDa cell-surface adhesin, is required for efficient gliding. Here, we showed dynamic movements of SprB were observed by fluorescent microscopy. SprB moved at a constant speed of 2 um/s on the cell surface along a left-handed helical closed loop, appears that the cell have a moving conveyer belt. Attachment of SprB to the substratum was associated with cell movement, suggesting a model for gliding, in which adhesins are propelled along a helical track, generating rotation and translation of the cell.
5
2015.08.06
Eukaryote number of click：205
Mysterious behavior of Bacillaria
Species name:Bacillaria paxillifer
AL-Museum AL-Museum
Bacillaria is a colony in which numerous individual diatoms are connected. The individual diatoms are lined up side by side, which looks like a window blind when the colony is contracted. When the colony stretches out, the diatoms are connected nearly end to end in a long chain-like structure. Bacillaria usually moves in a straight line when extended, but can change directions freely when contracted. Various small diatoms, aggregates and crystals are stuck to Bacillaria and move along with it.
6
2017.08.29
Eukaryote number of click：197
Macrobiotus sp.
Species name:Macrobiotus sp.
Tokyo Metropolitan Government Bureau Swerage,
The size of Macrobiotus is about 0.2 – 1.0 mm. The body is covered with a thin chitin film, with spiny bristles, armor plates. There are four pairs of footsteps, with nails at the tip. Macrobiotus have fourth pair of legs with nails at the tip. They usually live in soil. The form that I'm slow in action and walk slowly is similar to a bear, so it's called a bear bug. The tooth needle taken out of the mouth is stuck into food, and it's crowded, and a pharynx, to work, more, I suck at contents. Slowly walking figure resembles a bear so it is called water bears.
7
2014.01.22
Prokaryote number of click：192
Swimming Rhodobacter spheroids (1)
Species name:Rhodobacter spheroids
Harvard University Howard C. Berg
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology
Harvard Biological Labs
Swimming Rhodobacter sphaeroides
8
2013.08.23
Eukaryote number of click：191
Cell cycle-uncoupled cytokinesis in AmiA:myosin II double KO cells.
Species name:Dictyostelium discoideum
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Taro Uyeda
The mutant cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum lacking myosin II and AmiA cannot perform cell cycle-dependent cytokinesis. These cells fragment by traction-mediated, cell cycle-uncoupled method of division (cytokinesis C). These cells express GFP-histone to visualize nuclear division. Note that nuclear division, synchronous in each multinucleate cell, is not followed by cell division.
9
2015.03.16
Eukaryote number of click：186
Trypanosoma brucei bloodstream form
Species name:Trypanosoma brucei
Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bern, Switzerland Prof. Torsten Ochsenreiter
Trypanosoma brucei (Mitat1.1) is a single celled protozoan parasite that causes Human african trypanomiasis and Nagana in cattle. The movie is in slow motion the cells actually swim much faster. Images were captured by Dr. Torsten Ochsenreiter using a Zeiss Cell Observer Microscope (63x DIC objective) at the University of Georgia, Athens, USA.
10
2016.11.14
Prokaryote number of click：183
Motility of Paenibacillus sp. NAIST15-1 (7)
Species name:Paenibacillus sp.
Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science & Technology Kazuo Kobayashi
Wandering colonies are sensitive to wetness. Wild-type cells were spread over the surface of a 1.5% agar plate and incubated at 37°C until wandering colonies appeared. Two hundred microliters of water were poured onto the colonies and cellular behavior was immediately observed under a video light microscope. The movie is real time. Scale bar, 20 μm.